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Beneath the Surface

Cometh The Collapse?

Loading ...Addison Wiggin

July 10, 2024 • 5 minute, 47 second read


Cometh The Collapse?

“The closer the collapse of empire, the crazier its laws are.”

– Marcus Cicero


[Special Reminder: In case you missed our recent announcement, The Essential Investor has merged with legacy contributors to Agora Financial. The new, larger, more inclusive project is called The Grey Swan Investment Fraternity. If you’re interested in the scope and benefits of our new endeavor, please see what prompted us to merge here. If you’ve been a member of The Essential Investor, please keep an eye out for your new benefits.]

July 10, 2024 — “It can’t happen here.”

Even in the Grey Swan inbox, it’s a common refrain – referring to just about anything. A fascist takeover of the United States? It can’t happen here. A communist takeover of the United States? It can’t happen here.

An AI takeover of the United States? Well, the jury may be out on that.

Truth is, “fascism,” “communism” even “capitalism” are artifacts of a linear progression of events in history.

In his Manuscripts of 1844, Karl Marx argues that the United States Declaration of Independence and the ensuant Constitution represent the political emancipation of the once-feudal class.

He argued for economic emancipation next… no one, even through violent revolution, has figured out how to get that box checked.

Our own empire is so far off script from the original documents, we’re left wondering (consistently): What’s next?

As an investor – or even as a citizen – it can be helpful to take a broad step back and look through the broader “megapolitical” lens.

Proposed: The United States is an empire heavily in debt, and in decline. Our politics on display this election are only a testament. The tides are ebbing against the political class, but they don’t even seem to notice. Or care. They’re too busy navel gazing their own delusions.

Today, our first position is articulated by Grey Swan Investment Fraternity contributor John Robb, who looks at how the collapse of the Soviet Union could, in fact, happen “here.” Among other writers, Mr. Robb cites one of our favorites. [hint: his initials are Niall Furgeson.} Enjoy ~~ Addison

CONTINUED BELOW…




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Nvidia’s march to $5 trillion.

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No company has ever been worth $5 trillion …

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Click here to see how Nvidia’s march to $5 trillion could impact its partners.




CONTINUED…

The Collapse of Complex Nations
John Robb, Global Guerrillas

If the US did collapse, what would it look like? Would it be;

  • An authoritarian networked movement that rapidly seizes government control,
  • a hot, protracted civil war as networked tribes vie for control or
  • a rapid political and geographic devolution as we saw with the Soviet Union?

Currently, the leading model is the slouching shoulder shrug of a Soviet-style collapse. Let’s dig into this model to understand why.

“In Russia, normalcy broke down in a series of steps.
First, people stopped being afraid to speak their minds.
Then, they stopped taking the authorities seriously.
Lastly, the authorities stopped taking each other seriously.”
Dmitry Orlov

Dmitry Orlov’s brilliant 2011 book “Reinventing Collapse” and historian Niall Ferguson’s recent “We’re All Soviets Now” detail many parallels between the USSR’s collapse and the situation the US faces today. They are both short reads, well worth reading in full. With these parallels in mind, let’s construct a more comprehensive framework for a Soviet-style US collapse.

‘Victory’

The foundational premise of this model is;

  • The Cold War profoundly damaged the US and the USSR.
  • When the USSR collapsed, the US had the opportunity to reorient its decision-making (new goals, new assumptions, etc.) to heal itself of the damage, but it failed to do so. George Washington’s farewell address would have been an excellent place to start for the inspiration required for this reorientation.
  • As a result of this lack of action, the US is now on the same descent to collapse the Soviet Union experienced in the 90’s.

Turn Your Images On

The Military-Industrial Complex

The central factor contributing to the collapse of the Soviet Union was the unsustainable amount of money it spent on the national security state.

  • The pressures of the Cold War, combined with a culturally Russian defensive paranoia (Kennen’s central insight in Containment), led them to spend as much as ~20% of their GDP on it (more than double the US burden) and likely far more if the USSR’s internal security was included.
  • This burden made them vulnerable to economic disruption. For example, a US-led effort to radically reduce the price of oil (the USSR, and now Russia, the largest producer of oil in the world) in the 80s put extreme strain on their economy.
  • Furthermore, they couldn’t reduce their expenditures because of new strategic threats — from cruise missiles to plans for a “Star Wars” defense.

Victory in the Cold War should have allowed the US to reduce its defense expenditures and balance its budget using the surplus (another recommendation from Washington). Unfortunately, the US couldn’t turn off the military-industrial complex (Eisenhower warned against it in his farewell address after battling it for a decade).

We couldn’t muster the political support needed to reduce its size meaningfully. Furthermore, the millions working for it turned every event into an opportunity to continue it.

For example, the response to 9/11 didn’t just result in the small amount of new money needed for the law enforcement and special operations required to prevent another terrorist incident in the future; it was used to justify a prolonged continuation of the national security state well into the new Century.

Worse, as the threat of terrorism faded, this system found a new way to justify its existence: regime change, NATO expansion, and nation-building. ~~  John Robb, Global Guerrillas




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It’s not at all what you think.




So it goes,


Addison Wiggin
Founder, The Wiggin Sessions

P.S. How did we get here? An alternative view of the financial, economic, and political history of the United States from Demise of the Dollar through Financial Reckoning Day and on to Empire of Debt— all three books are available in their third post-pandemic editions.

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(Or… simply pre-order Empire of Debt: We Came, We Saw, We Borrowed, now available at Amazon and Barnes & Noble or if you prefer one of these sites:Bookshop.org; Books-A-Million; or Target.)

Please send your comments, reactions, opprobrium, vitriol and praise to: addison@greyswanfraternity.com


Dan Amoss: Perfect Competition Will Crush AI Profits

December 18, 2025 • Addison Wiggin

In a healthy economy, production and consumption communicate constantly. If a company builds something useful, customers respond by buying it. If they overbuild, inventories pile up and prices fall, sending a signal to slow down.

AI infrastructure, by contrast, is being built largely on faith. Companies are scaling up compute power without clear signs of sustainable demand. Unlike oil and gas, where prices adjust second-by-second, AI companies operate in a fog. They release tools, collect usage stats, and hope that paid conversions will follow.

But hope is not a business model.

Dan Amoss: Perfect Competition Will Crush AI Profits
The Second American Revolution Will Be Digitized, Update

December 18, 2025 • Addison Wiggin

Six months ago — before the GENIUS Act was signed and before Washington put a nameplate on what had already begun — we were describing a slow rewiring of money.

For better or worse, we called it Dollar 2.0: the quiet migration of finance from paper promises and batch settlement to tokens, smart contracts, and ledgers that never sleep.

The name Dollar 2.0 is derived from the way Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has been touting the stablecoin environment’s promise to create a larger global market for U.S. dollars and Treasurys.

The Second American Revolution Will Be Digitized, Update
“Sharks” and “Whales” Buy the Bitcoin Dip

December 18, 2025 • Addison Wiggin

The last 30 days have seen sharks (those with 100-1,000 BTC) and whales (1,000 BTC+) pick up over $23.3 billion in bitcoin.

If our Dollar 2.0 thesis is correct, it’s not actually easy to see why.

What’s seen: Congress passed laws to support stablecoin technology in time for America’s 250th anniversary next July.

What’s not seen: a 216-hour series of technical moves from November 22 to December 2, during which BlackRock, Vanguard, and Bank of America flipped switches that “captured” bitcoin into institutional-grade wrappers and distribution. JPMorgan followed up with a tokenized money market fund called MONEY on December 15.

“Sharks” and “Whales” Buy the Bitcoin Dip
Dan Amoss: Fixing the Resource Curse

December 17, 2025 • Addison Wiggin

The dollar-centric system and its bubbles may have given the U.S. economy a form of Dutch disease. This system has many rarely debated costs that go along with its benefits.

Deficit spending and stimulus inflated prices for stocks, real estate, and consumer goods. Trillions in savings remain in accounts from stimulus bills.

Without this spending, prices would be lower, a point lost on the Biden administration’s hyper-Keynesian economists, who never met a spending bill they did not cheer.

Dan Amoss: Fixing the Resource Curse